The common abbreviated form used by locals is Barna. Drawing upon its tradition of creative art and craftsmanship, Barcelona is known for its award-winning industrial design. In 1992, Barcelona hosted the Summer Olympics. For the visitor, the main attraction still tends to be in the city centre, particularly around the Ramblas. [118] This law also gives the local government a special relationship with the central government and it also gives the mayor wider prerogatives by the means of municipal executive commissions. After merging with the Kingdom of Aragon, Barcelona continued to be an important city in the Crown of Aragon as an economic and administrative centre of this Crown and the capital of the Principality of Catalonia. In the 18th century, a fortress was built at Montjuïc that overlooked the harbour. [34][35] It is said to have been founded in 343. There have been many attempts to launch Barcelona as a fashion capital, notably Gaudi Home. Catalan modernista architecture (related to the movement known as Art Nouveau in the rest of Europe) developed between 1885 and 1950 and left an important legacy in Barcelona. This decline has been reversed since 2001, as a new wave of immigration (particularly from Latin America and from Morocco) has gathered pace. The matches against cross-town rivals RCD Espanyol are of particular interest, but there are other Barcelonan football clubs in lower categories, like CE Europa and UE Sant Andreu. [54], The development of Barcelona was promoted by two events in 1986: Spanish accession to the European Community, and particularly Barcelona's designation as host city of the 1992 Summer Olympics. Another common abbreviation is 'BCN', which is also the IATA airport code of the Barcelona-El Prat Airport. And if your idea is to have a walk enjoying the atmosphere then we recommend you the most famous street of Barcelona, “Las Ramblas”. In Barcelona and in the whole Catalonian region you can find one of the most delicious gastronomy in Spain. Full Screen QTVR panoramic image", "Weather2Travel.com: Barcelona Climate Guide", "Valores Climatológicos Normales. By the mid-19th century the need for elaborate defenses had passed, and the city was bursting at the seams. https://www.britannica.com/place/Barcelona, European Association of Archeologists - History of Barcelona, Official Tourism Site of Barcelona, Spain, Barcelona - Student Encyclopedia (Ages 11 and up). It’s discoverable on foot. The average annual temperature of the sea is about 20 °C (68 °F). The first attributes the founding of the city to the mythological Hercules. [10], Barcelona is a transport hub, with the Port of Barcelona being one of Europe's principal seaports and busiest European passenger port,[11] an international airport, Barcelona–El Prat Airport, which handles over 50 million passengers per year,[12] an extensive motorway network, and a high-speed rail line with a link to France and the rest of Europe. [75], There exists a relatively large Pakistani community in Barcelona with up to twenty thousand nationals. This combination of a concentrated core with a highly developed industrial belt has made Barcelona one of the most congested cities in the world. [78] In 2014, 322,698 out of 5.5 million people in the province of Barcelona identified themselves as Muslim,[81] which makes 5.6% of total population. [105] "Managing tourism more responsibly can help", Francis later told a journalist, "but some destinations may just have too many tourists, and Barcelona may be a case of that". [67], According to Barcelona's City Council, Barcelona's population as of 1 January 2016[update] was 1,608,746 people,[69] on a land area of 101.4 km2 (39 sq mi).
Barcelona also is home to the Barcelona Symphony and Catalonia National Orchestra (Orquestra Simfònica de Barcelona i Nacional de Catalunya, usually known as OBC), the largest symphonic orchestra in Catalonia. Most recently, Llevant is the first beach to allow dogs access during summer season. Its cultural roots go back around two thousand years. The Prime Minister of Spain, Mariano Rajoy, called the attack in Barcelona a jihadist attack. In addition to the city Metro, several regional rail lines operated by RENFE's Rodalies de Catalunya run across the city, providing connections to outlying towns in the surrounding region. [77], Most of the inhabitants state they are Roman Catholic (208 churches). [40] It initially fed from eastern and balkan slave stock later drawing from a Maghribian and, ultimately, Subsaharan pool of slaves. In about 15 BC, the Romans redrew the town as a castrum (Roman military camp) centred on the "Mons Taber", a little hill near the contemporary city hall (Plaça de Sant Jaume). Barcelona is a major hub for RENFE, the Spanish state railway network. [36] The sack was so traumatic that most of Barcelona's population was either killed or enslaved. The autonomous institutions of Catalonia were abolished,[47] and the use of the Catalan language in public life was suppressed. FC Barcelona also has professional teams in other sports like FC Barcelona Regal (basketball), FC Barcelona Handbol (handball), FC Barcelona Hoquei (roller hockey), FC Barcelona Ice Hockey (ice hockey), FC Barcelona Futsal (futsal) and FC Barcelona Rugby (rugby union), all at one point winners of the highest national and/or European competitions.
For the football club, see, Capitals of European states and territories, The Spanish Civil War and the Franco period. During the Spanish Civil War, the city, and Catalonia in general, were resolutely Republican. The city's two modern tram systems, Trambaix and Trambesòs, are operated by TRAMMET. [127] It is home to the Barcelona Guitar Orchestra, directed by Sergi Vicente.
[66] In the warmest month, August, the typical temperature ranges from 27 to 31 °C (81 to 88 °F) during the day, about 23 °C (73 °F) at night and the average sea temperature is 26 °C (79 °F). The area into which the town expanded, now called L’Eixample (“the Extension”), was open land left originally to give a clear field of fire from the city walls. Catalan is also very commonly spoken in the city: it is understood by 95% of the population, while 72.3% can speak it, 79% can read it, and 53% can write it. It became the first and most important industrial city in the Mediterranean basin.
Slogans included "Tourists go home", "Barcelona is not for sale" and "We will not be driven out". It is 120 kilometres (75 miles) south of the Pyrenees and the Catalan border with France. In 1900, Barcelona had a population of 533,000 people,[61] which grew steadily but slowly until 1950, when it started absorbing a high number of people from other less-industrialised parts of Spain. With their black and yellow livery, Barcelona's taxis are easily spotted, and can be caught from one of many taxi ranks, hailed on street, called by telephone or via app. The city is circled by three half ring roads or bypasses, Ronda de Dalt (B-20) (on the mountain side), Ronda del Litoral (B-10) (along the coast) and Ronda del Mig (separated into two parts: Travessera de Dalt in the north and the Gran Via de Carles III), two partially covered[148] fast highways with several exits that bypass the city. The headquarters of Televisió de Catalunya, Catalonia's public network, are located in Sant Joan Despí, in Barcelona's metropolitan area. [109], Barcelona has long been an important European automobile manufacturing centre. From there the view is not just a beautiful cityscape, you also get to mix the cityscape with Gaudi´s artwork and that is something unique. [48][49][50][51][52], The death of Franco in 1975 brought on a period of democratisation throughout Spain. [130], Several road running competitions are organised year-round in Barcelona: the Barcelona Marathon every March with over 10,000 participants in 2010, the Cursa de Bombers in April, the Cursa de El Corte Inglés in May (with about 60,000 participants each year), the Cursa de la Mercè, the Cursa Jean Bouin, the Milla Sagrada Família and the San Silvestre.
The Barri Gòtic (Catalan for "Gothic Quarter") is the centre of the old city of Barcelona. The government buildings—such as the Palace of the Generalitat (the seat of the autonomous community of Catalonia), a 14th–15th-century building with Baroque and Neoclassical facades, and the Royal Palace—attest to the city’s importance as an administrative capital. Gaudi´s architecture style is famous all over the world and is the reason why Bacelona gets so many visitors every year. found, including different tombs and dwellings dating to earlier than 5000 BC. Freight services operate to local industries and to the Port of Barcelona. As part of the preparation for the games, industrial buildings along the sea-front were demolished and two miles of beach were created. FGC operates the Funicular de Tibidabo up the hill of Tibidabo and the Funicular de Vallvidrera (FGC), while TMB runs the Funicular de Montjuïc up Montjuïc. As the capital of the autonomous community of Catalonia, Barcelona is the seat of the Catalan government, known as the Generalitat de Catalunya; of particular note are the executive branch, the parliament, and the High Court of Justice of Catalonia. [160] Barcelona contains seven beaches, totalling 4.5 kilometres (2.8 miles) of coastline. It´s normally served during breakfast but is that good that we could eat it at any time of the day. The composition of each district council depends on the number of votes each political party had in that district, so a district can be led by a councillor from a different party than the executive council. [136], The Barcelona harbour is the leading European cruiser port and a most important Mediterranean turnaround base. For the year 2008 the city council calculated the population to 1,621,090 living in the 102.2 km2 sized municipality, giving the city an average population density of 15,926 inhabitants per square kilometre with Eixample being the most populated district. [53] Massive, but peaceful, demonstrations on 11 September 1977 assembled over a million people in the streets of Barcelona to call for the restoration of Catalan autonomy. Buses in Barcelona are a major form of public transport, with extensive local, interurban and night bus networks. Barcelona is one of the most densely populated cities in Europe. Other than the architecture of Gaudi, the buildings all over the city are impressive and even the modern part of Barcelona will leave you speechless.
[78] In a 2011 survey conducted by InfoCatólica, 49.5% of Barcelona residents of all ages identified themselves as Catholic. Especially remarkable is the work of architect Antoni Gaudí, which can be seen throughout the city. As of 2015[update], completion is planned for 2026.[149]. [33] The cathedral, known very formally by the long name of Catedral Basílica Metropolitana de Barcelona, is also sometimes called La Seu, which simply means cathedral (and see, among other things) in Catalan.
Barcelona is the capital of Catalonia. FC Barcelona is a sports club best known worldwide for its football team, one of the largest and the second richest in the world.
It abounds with archives, libraries, museums, and buildings of interest, featuring superb examples of Modernist and Art Nouveau decor and architecture.
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