[83] The 1803 Louisiana Purchase almost doubled the nation's area,[84] Spain ceded Florida and other Gulf Coast territory in 1819,[85] the Republic of Texas was annexed in 1845 during a period of expansionism,[86] and the 1846 Oregon Treaty with Britain led to U.S. control of the present-day American Northwest. [433] The United States has the world's second-largest automobile market,[434] and has the highest vehicle ownership per capita in the world, with 816.4 vehicles per 1,000 Americans (2014).
The federal government comprises three branches: The House of Representatives has 435 voting members, each representing a congressional district for a two-year term.
The United States of America (USA), commonly known as the United States (US or U.S.) or America, is a country primarily located in central North America, between Canada and Mexico. For the landmass comprising North, Central, South America, and the Caribbean, see, Indigenous peoples and pre-Columbian history, Further immigration, expansion, and industrialization, World War I, Great Depression, and World War II, Areas of the 50 states and the District of Columbia but not Puerto Rico nor other island territories per, Heinemann, Ronald L., et al., Old Dominion, New Commonwealth: a history of Virginia 1607–2007, 2007, Paige Meltzer, "The Pulse and Conscience of America" The General Federation and Women's Citizenship, 1945–1960,", George B. Tindall, "Business Progressivism: Southern Politics in the Twenties,". The market for professional sports in the United States is roughly $69 billion, roughly 50% larger than that of all of Europe, the Middle East, and Africa combined. [133] They dominated the military affairs of Europe, with the U.S. and its NATO allies on one side and the Soviet Union and its Warsaw Pact allies on the other.
Cable television offers hundreds of channels catering to a variety of niches. Other commonly taught languages include Latin, Japanese, American Sign Language, Italian, and Chinese. Factory electrification in the early 20th century and introduction of the assembly line and other labor-saving techniques created the system of mass production. [478][479][480] In the 1960s, Bob Dylan emerged from the folk revival to become one of America's most celebrated songwriters and James Brown led the development of funk. With 50 states in total, there are a lot of geography facts to learn about the United States. [348] The Reserves and National Guard brought the total number of troops to 2.3 million. [424] In 2011, 16.7 million children lived in food-insecure households, about 35% more than 2007 levels, though only 845,000 U.S. children (1.1%) saw reduced food intake or disrupted eating patterns at some point during the year, and most cases were not chronic. [168] During the crisis, assets owned by Americans lost about a quarter of their value. Elements from folk idioms such as the blues and what is now known as old-time music were adopted and transformed into popular genres with global audiences. Territories", "Beyond politics: Why Supreme Court justices are appointed for life", "Nebraska (state, United States) : Agriculture", "Electoral College Fast Facts | U.S. House of Representatives: History, Art & Archives", "How Come American Samoans Still Don't Have U.S. [400], The rise of fascism and Nazism in the 1920s and 30s led many European scientists, including Albert Einstein, Enrico Fermi, and John von Neumann, to immigrate to the United States. [485] Directors such as John Ford redefined the image of the American Old West, and, like others such as John Huston, broadened the possibilities of cinema with location shooting. [340] For 2018, the effective tax rate for the wealthiest 400 households was 23%, compared to 24.2% for the bottom half of U.S. The federal government was reorganized into three branches in 1789, on the principle of creating salutary checks and balances.
In the southern states slavery was an on-going, serious problem, and this new and fast-growing nation was soon ravaged by a bloody Civil War between north and south; the north (northern states) eventually won, and slavery was abolished. Citizenship at Birth? [234] The survey also reported that 22.8% of Americans described themselves as agnostic, atheist or simply having no religion—up from 8.2% in 1990. Most of Alaska is subarctic or polar. [109] These dramatic changes were accompanied by social unrest and the rise of populist, socialist, and anarchist movements. It is a founding member of the United Nations, World Bank, International Monetary Fund, Organization of American States (OAS), NATO, and other international organizations. Once vital to fur trading and regional development in the early history of both countries, the Great Lakes (in modern times) remain a significant transportation route for iron ore, steel, petroleum, grain, American automobiles, to say the least. [263] The subject of uninsured and underinsured Americans is a major political issue. Baptists collectively form the largest branch of Protestantism at 15.4%,[237] and the Southern Baptist Convention is the largest individual Protestant denomination at 5.3% of the U.S. [218], About 82% of Americans live in urban areas, including suburbs;[182] about half of those reside in cities with populations over 50,000. Advancements by American microprocessor companies such as Advanced Micro Devices (AMD) and Intel, along with both computer software and hardware companies such as Adobe Systems, Apple Inc., IBM, Microsoft, and Sun Microsystems, created and popularized the personal computer. Major cities may also support a local business journal, trade papers relating to local industries, and papers for local ethnic and social groups. [501] Likewise, nearly all nations host American diplomatic missions.
and, internationally, the "States".
Railroads were the major industry then, but the factory system, mining, and labor unions also gained in importance. Republicans in the federal government made it their goal to oversee the rebuilding of the South and to ensure the rights of African Americans. [220] Many U.S. metropolitan populations are growing rapidly, particularly in the South and West.
[264][265] The Affordable Care Act, passed in early 2010, roughly halved the uninsured share of the population, though the bill and its ultimate effect are issues of controversy. The emergence of many prominent industrialists at the end of the 19th century gave rise to the Gilded Age, a period of growing affluence and power among the business class. [138] Construction of an Interstate Highway System transformed the nation's infrastructure over the following decades. [348] The Department of Defense also employed about 700,000 civilians, not including contractors. In the east the much-lower Appalachian Mountains and its assorted ranges front a broad coastal plain that stretches from the far-northeast to the southern Texas coastline on the Gulf of Mexico. [259] Obesity-related type 2 diabetes is considered epidemic by health care professionals. [408] The Global Food Security Index ranked the U.S. number one for food affordability and overall food security in March 2013. [498] In soccer (a sport that has gained a footing in the United States since the mid-1990's), the country hosted the 1994 FIFA World Cup, the men's national soccer team qualified for ten World Cups and the women's team has won the FIFA Women's World Cup four times; Major League Soccer is the sport's highest league in the United States (featuring 23 American and three Canadian teams). [74], After its defeat at the Battle of Yorktown in 1781, Britain signed a peace treaty. [98] They also occasionally experienced vigilante violence, including lynching. [201] Most of this land is protected, though some is leased for oil and gas drilling, mining, logging, or cattle ranching, and about .86% is used for military purposes. [45] The Spanish set up the first settlements in Florida and New Mexico such as Saint Augustine[46] and Santa Fe. New York City is home to the United Nations Headquarters. Irreconcilable sectional conflict regarding the slavery of Africans and African Americans ultimately led to the American Civil War. [97] The Union initially simply fought to keep the country united.
As the world's largest economy, it's a significant leader in the fields of agriculture, education, energy, health care, high-tech, service industries, space exploration, and manufacturing of all descriptions. Although there is no official language at the federal level, some laws—such as U.S. naturalization requirements—standardize English, and most states have declared English as the official language. Since the general election of 1856, the major parties have been the Democratic Party, founded in 1824, and the Republican Party, founded in 1854.
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