He was crowned King of Bohemia in Prague on 14 May 1562 and elected King of Germany (King of the Romans) on 24 November 1562. Birthplace: Vienna, Austria Location of death: Regensburg, Germany Cause of death: unspecified. Maximilian II, Holy Roman Emperor was born on July 31, 1527 in Vienna, Hungarian, is Holy Roman Emperor. He even eyed on the Spanish throne after the death of Philip’s son but he was unable to capitalize on it. Due to his religious tolerance, he was even threatened to be excluded from the line of succession. He was the son of Frederick III, Holy Roman Emperor, and Eleanor of Portugal. Born in Vienna, he was a son of his predecessor Ferdinand I, Holy Roman Emperor and Anna of Bohemia and Hungary (1503–1547). Holy Roman Emperor, 1564-76. Maximilian I was the King of Romans who served as the Holy Roman Emperor from 1508 until his death in 1519. Updates? Maximilian was married to Holy Roman Emperor Charles V’s daughter, Mary of Spain on September 13, 1548. He became the first King of the Romans not to be crowned in Aachen. Upon his father’s death in 1564, he succeeded his father and served as the King of Hungary and Croatia. Maximilian's policies of religious neutrality and peace in the Empire afforded its … Maximilian II, a member of the Austrian House of Habsburg, was Holy Roman Emperor from 1564 until his death. After fighting an unsuccessful campaign against the Turks, who remained a threat to the empire, he was compelled by a peace concluded in 1568 to continue to pay tribute to the sultan. Much of his early life came under limelight due to the growing dispute over Habsburg’s succession order. Maximilian’s sympathies for Lutheranism, formed in his youth, eventually caused sufficient scandal in Habsburg circles for his father to threaten him with exclusion from the succession in 1559. Yet he proved his personal liberalism by granting freedom of worship to the Protestant nobility of Austria (1568), promising to respect religious liberty in Bohemia (1575), and working for the reform of the Roman Catholic church. Maximilian’s religious neutrality was largely a policy of political expediency in maintaining peace in the empire. Maximilian II, a member of the Austrian House of Habsburg, was Holy Roman Emperor from 1564 until his death. Unlike Maximilian, Mary was a strict Catholic and committed to Habsburg Spain. He succeeded his father as the ruler of Holy Roman Empire. Henceforth, although he paid lip service to Roman Catholicism, he remained basically a humanist Christian who favoured compromise between the rival confessions. He successfully preserved the freedom of the Protestant nobility to worship. He was educated in Italy by humanist scholars. Maximilian, the eldest son of the future emperor Ferdinand I and the nephew of the emperor Charles V, received his education in Spain. Maximilian's policies of religious neutrality and peace in the Empire afforded its … By signing up for this email, you are agreeing to news, offers, and information from Encyclopaedia Britannica. Maximilian is also credited for creating a breathing-space between Roman Catholics and Protestants to co-exist peacefully. Furthermore, Maximilian’s religious ideologies put him at odds with Charles V’s son, Philip who was committed to defending Catholicism. Desc: Maximilian I was Holy Roman Emperor from 1508 until his death.He was never crowned by the Pope, as the journey to Rome was always too risky. On 25 July 1564 he succeeded his father Ferdinand I as ruler of the Holy Roman … Without that coronation, no king, despite exercising all powers, could call himself Emperor. Maximilian was a member of the Austrian house of Habsburg born to Ferdinand I and Anne of Bohemia and Hungary. He succeeded his father as the ruler of Holy Roman Empire. Religious policies. Although Protestant, he was not successful in uniting Protestants in the empire. Maximilian II, 1566. Unlike his political failures, Maximilian’s religious policies were a far greater success. In 1575, by popular demand from Polish and Lithuanian magnates, Maximilian was chosen as a candidate for the position of the King of Poland against Stephan IV Bathory but his inability to make himself widely accepted led him to be ousted from Poland. Omissions? - Maximilian II, Holy Roman Emperor Biography, https://www.thefamouspeople.com/profiles/maximilian-ii-holy-roman-emperor-6533.php, The Hottest Male Celebrities With The Best Abs. On 8 September 1563 he was crowned King of Hungary and Croatia in the Hungarian … Maximilian II, Holy Roman Emperor, King of Bohemia, King of Hungary, Emperor of the Holy Roman Empire, King of the Romans, was born 31 July 1527 in Vienna, Austria to Ferdinand I of the Holy Roman Empire (1503-1564) and Anna of Bohemia and Hungary (1503-1547) and died 12 October 1576 in Regensburg, Bavaria, Germany of unspecified causes. Maximilian's right of succession was recognised later and a compromise was achieved according to which while Philip was to succeed Ferdinand, while Maximilian was to govern Germany during Philip’s reign. Maximilian II. Maximilian was the born on July 31, 1527, in Vienna, Austria, to Habsburg archduke, Ferdinand I, and Jagiellonian princess Anne of Bohemia and Hungary. In a dispute over the Habsburg succession order, he was at first placed behind Charles V’s son Philip (the future Philip II of Spain), but, by a 1553 agreement, he displaced Philip as heir to the empire and remained hostile to the Spanish branch of the Habsburgs. Who was Maximilian II, Holy Roman Emperor? Maximilian II, Holy Roman Emperor. 176 relations. Sort by . Tell us More. Maximilian breathed his last on October 12, 1576. He was crowned King of Bohemiain Pragueon 14 May 1562 and electedKing of Germany(King of the Romans) on 24 November 1562. His efforts to gain the right of marriage for priests failed, largely because of the opposition of Spain. Initially, he was placed behind Emperor Charles V’s son, Philip II of Spain. Viceroy of Spain (1548-50), Holy Roman Emperor (1564-76), King of Bohemia (1564-76) as Maxmilián -cr 1562, King of Hungary (1564-76) as Miksa -cr 8.9.1563, Made Emperor of Austria, Hungary, and Bohemia; Crowned in 1572, Holy Roman Emperor. Outgoing and charismatic, Maximilian’s religious sympathies and adherence to humanism caused a lot of distress amongst nobilities who feared his conversion to Protestantism. Maximilian II(31 July 1527 –12 October 1576), a member of the AustrianHouse of Habsburg, was Holy Roman Emperorfrom 1564 until his death. Corrections? While every effort has been made to follow citation style rules, there may be some discrepancies. Maximilian’s political career started in November 1562, when he was elected as the King of Romans by the electoral college of Frankfurt. Maximilian II (1527-1576) was Holy Roman emperor from 1564 to 1576. Maximilian was a member of the Austrian house of Habsburg born to Ferdinand I and Anne of Bohemia and Hungary. Encyclopaedia Britannica's editors oversee subject areas in which they have extensive knowledge, whether from years of experience gained by working on that content or via study for an advanced degree.... Get a Britannica Premium subscription and gain access to exclusive content. A humanist and patron of the arts, he largely failed to achieve his political goals, both at home and abroad. In 1508, Pope Julius II allowed Maximilian I to use the title of Emperor without coronation in Rome, though the title was qualified as Electus Romanorum Imperator ("elected Emperor of the Romans"). Maximilian's successors adopted the same titulature, usually when they became the sole ruler of the Ho… Like voting is closed. Maximilian II (31 July 1527 – 12 October 1576), a member of the Austrian House of Habsburg, was Holy Roman Emperor from 1564 until his death. He was instead proclaimed emperor elect by Pope Julius II at Trent, thus breaking the long tradition of requiring a Papal coronation for the adoption of the Imperial title. He was crowned as the King of Bohemia as well. Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article (requires login). His father was the younger brother of Holy Roman Emperor, Charles V. Young Maximilian spent his growing years at his father’s court in Innsbruck. However, his effort in overcoming the denominational schism while approaching the Lutheran Imperial estates failed drastically. Maximilian breathed his last on October 12, 1576 in Regensburg. This was after he assured of his loyalty towards the Catholic faith. As such, despite his inner wish, he remained loyal to Catholic faith and attended mass. He was never crowned by the Pope, as the journey to Rome was always too risky. Ring in the new year with a Britannica Membership, https://www.britannica.com/biography/Maximilian-II-Holy-Roman-emperor, The Famous People - Biography of Maximilian II, Holy Roman Emperor. Over time, strained relations between Maximilian and Philip of Spain greatly improved as the former became cautious of bringing to public his religious ideologies. However, objection was raised as Ferdinand had already been designated as the next occupant of the imperial throne. Also, they did not want to grant the emperor with greater powers. Maximilian was a member of the Austrian house of Habsburg born to Ferdinand I and Anne of Bohemia and Hungary. Already Bohemian king (from September 1562) and king of the Romans, or successor-designate to the empire (from November 1562), Maximilian became Hungarian king in 1563 and succeeded to the imperial throne in 1564. He was buried in St. Vitus Cathedral in Prague. List Thumbnail. Maximilian II (31 July 1527 – 12 October 1576), a member of the Austrian House of Habsburg, was Holy Roman Emperor from 1564 until his death. His experience in warfare came at around the age of 17 during the Schmalkaldic War against Francis I of France. Please refer to the appropriate style manual or other sources if you have any questions. Maximilian II (31 July 1527 – 12 October 1576), a member of the Austrian House of Habsburg, was Holy Roman Emperor from 1564 until his death. Maximilian II, (born July 31, 1527, Vienna, Austria—died Oct. 12, 1576, Regensburg [Germany]), Holy Roman emperor from 1564, whose liberal religious policies permitted an interval of peace between Roman Catholics and Protestants in Germany after the first struggles of the Reformation. While on his deathbed, he refused to receive the last sacraments of the Church. He ruled jointly with his father for the last ten years of the latter's reign, from c. 1483 to his father's death in 1493. Sitter in 4 portraits. Maximilian I (22 March 1459 – 12 January 1519) was King of the Romans (also known as King of the Germans) from 1486 and Holy Roman Emperor from 1508 until his death, though he was never crowned by the Pope, as the journey to Rome was always too risky. In the Netherlands, Maximilian advised compromise between Catholics and Protestants but was again frustrated by Spanish intransigence. Spouse/Ex-: Holy Roman Empress, Maria of Austria, siblings: Archduke of Austria, Charles II, Ferdinand II, children: Albert VII, Anna of Austria, Archduchess Margaret of Austria, Archduke Ernest of Austria, Archduke of Austria, Archduke Wenceslaus of Austria, Elisabeth of Austria, Holy Roman Emperor, Matthias, Maximilian III, Queen of France, Queen of Spain, Rudolf II, See the events in life of Maximilian II, Holy Roman Emperor in Chronological Order. His proposed army reform of 1570, by which the emperor would have controlled the army and would have had to grant his consent before foreign powers could recruit on German soil, was defeated by Germany’s Protestant princes, who suspected an attempt to prevent them from assisting coreligionists abroad and were less willing to grant greater powers to the emperor. 60 Kreuzer (Guldiner), Maximilian II, Holy Roman Empire, Prague, 1568 - Bode-Museum - DSC02689.JPG 2,100 × 2,103; 3.21 MB Antonio Abondio - Medal of Maximilian (1527-76) as King of Hungary and his Wife Maria of Spain - Walters 59705.jpg 1,800 × 1,705; 1.21 MB Before acceding he evidenced a sympathy for Lutheranism that caused grave concern in imperial and papal circles and led Holy Roman Emperor Charles V to urge that his son King Philip II of Spain succeed Ferdinand. Maximilian II, 1527–76, Holy Roman emperor (1564–76), king of Bohemia (1562–76) and of Hungary (1563–76), son and successor of Holy Roman Emperor Ferdinand I. You are inclined to be passionate, you assert your willpower, you move forward, and come hell or high water, you achieve your dreams and your goals. They were blessed with sixteen children, of which one was a stillborn son. Maximilian II, Holy Roman Emperor (* 31.7.1527, O 13.9.1548, † 12.10.1576) O Archduchess Maria of Austria, Holy Roman Empress consort (* 21.6.1528, O 13.9.1548, † 26.2.1603) Archduchess Anna of Austria, Queen consort of Spain (* 1.11.1549, O 5.1570, † 26.10.1580) Gender: Male Religion: Roman Cat. The Emperor was crowned in a special ceremony, traditionally performed by the Pope in Rome, using the Imperial Regalia. He was crowned King of Bohemia in Prague on 14 May 1562 and elected King of Germany on 24 November 1562. He was instead proclaimed emperor elect by Pope Julius II at Trent, thus breaking the long tradition of requiring a Papal coronation for the adoption of the Imperial title. Maximilian II (31 July 1527 – 12 October 1576), a member of the Austrian House of Habsburg, was Holy Roman Emperor from 1564 until his death. He was named after his great-grandfather, Maximilian I, Holy Roman Emperor Anne was a daughter of King Ladislaus II of Bohemia and Hungary and his wife Anne de Foix. Between 1562 and 1563, he was crowned as the King of Germany, Bohemia, Hungary and Croatia. He succeeded his father as the ruler of Holy Roman Empire. Immediately after, he began to take part in imperial business. In Netherlands, Maximilian advised a compromise between the Catholics and Protestants but Spanish obstinacy left him with no choice. Emperor of the Holy Roman Empire and ruler of the Habsburg Monarchy (1564–1576) Born in Vienna on 31 July 1527 Died in Regensburg (Germany) on 12 October … Maximilian II. He fought an unsuccessful campaign against the Turks which resulted in an arrangement in 1568 according to which he had to continue to pay tribute to the sultan. If they inspire you please support our work. Maximilian II (31 Julie 1527 – 12 October 1576), a member o the Austrick Hoose o Habsburg, wis Holy Roman Emperor frae 1564 till his daith. Maximilian I, Holy Roman Emperor Holy Roman Emperor. His religious views and sentiments became a matter of concern causing sufficient scandal during the latter half of the 1550s. 139 relations. Maximilian I (22 March 1459 – 12 January 1519), the son of Frederick III, Holy Roman Emperor and Eleanor of Portugal, was King of the Romans (also known as King of the Germans) from 1486 and Holy Roman Emperor from 1508 until his death, though he was never in fact crowned by the Pope, the journey to Rome always being too risky. Though Maximilian failed in his political pursuits, he successfully however created peace between Protestants and Roman Catholics. Maximilian I was King of the Romans from 1486 and Holy Roman Emperor from 1508 until his death. In 1570, Maximilian proposed an army reform that was rejected by the German’s Protestant princes. Maximilian II, Holy Roman Emperor (1527-1576), Holy Roman Emperor 1564-76. Maximilian’s foremost policy as the King and Holy Roman Emperor was to make a thorough reform of the Catholic Church. He suggested that the emperor should have an absolute control over the army and that his consent should be required before any soldier was to be recruited in the empire for foreign service. His bent towards Lutheranism, amicable relations with several Protestant princes and religious tolerance made people wary of his permanency to Catholicism so much so that his father threatened him with exclusion from succession if Maximilian converted to Protestantism. Thanks for Liking. He was the first to be the Elected Roman Emperor and not crowned, as the journey to Rome proved to be a risky affair. Please Like other favourites! However, despite this, the two shared a strong bond of love. 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