Examples of three forms of plasma:* It’s a pretty universal feeling. For example, because plasmas are made up of electrically charged particles, they are strongly influenced by … | |under the Arizona law, according|of a statement, if the Fourth |need of medical help statements | Fourth State of Matter analysis. | |to (Arizona Revised Statues, |Amendment is violated, then any |may be admitted even if the | In its simplest terms, plasma is the fourth state of matter. We love our dogs. “Friday afternoon seminar, everyone is glazed over, listening as someone explains something unexplainable at the head of the long table. (Gardner & Anderson, 2011) Sometimes Mr. Hatfield accepts trade-ins, which are not always...... ...Civil Rights and Liberties That will help the adults as well, as the juvenile’s daily basis in the court process. Following the events of 9/11, American’s sense of safety nearly vanished, and the direction, and scope of national security were forever changed. I bought this book recently after reading "The Fourth State of Matter" as part of a graduate writing course in memoir. The fifth state is the man-made Bose-Einstein condensates. I’m thinking of the masterful braiding in Jo Ann Beard’s “The Fourth State of Matter,” which I so love, but even more complexly. The origins of American criminal law date back to England’s Magna Carta of the thirteenth century and basic rules of conduct regarding murder, robbery, and theft can be found in civilizations dating back thousands of years. Plasma has many properties that are similar to those of a gas but also some special properties that make it unique. Toward a Definition of Creative Nonfiction. ...Origins of American Criminal Law . When we discussed “The Fourth State of Matter” in that undergraduate class, I was a little surprised to learn that nearly everyone had this story, though, about a beloved old dog, dead or dying. ...The Fourth Amendment MEMORANDUM OPINION AND ORDER This case involves the allegedly illegal search and seizure of Plaintiff Jerry Bennett Hatfield’s store and computer. You’ve got your solid, your liquid, your gas, and then your plasma. ( Log Out / I’ll never have that first read again, but it still gets better every time. Jo Ann Beard. Jo Ann Beard' "The Fourth state of Matter" is one of the most emotionaly gripping essays I have ever read. Matter changes from one state to the other through the introduction of energy, such as heat. Jo Ann Beard. The fourth state of matter is plasma, and the narrator, Jo Ann Beard, is surrounded by people who have devoted their lives to this strange and ineffable substance. | |Rules of Evidence & More, n.d.),|gained from the violation of the|order to save that person’s | A state of matter is a distinct form of matter. These issues will include the importance of the Fourth Amendment to the United States Constitution and its relevance to today’s criminal law, the specific powers granted to the federal government versus those that are granted to state governments to make criminal laws, an explanation of the four main goals or purposes of the criminal justice system, and a clarification of police power and the limitations on such power. Lastly, Individual privacy rights and legislation relating to policy, practice, and procedures. (1) It was my second reading of the essay, which chronicles Beard's experience of losing several co-workers in a shooting at the University of Iowa. There is a fourth state of matter that is rare on Earth but actually makes up 99.99% of the visible matter in the Universe and was the first state of matter to form after the Big Bang: Plasma.. I wish I could remember the first time I read JoAnn Beard’s “The Fourth State of Matter.” It might actually have been when it was originally published, June 24, 1996 in The New Yorker. Beard’s first line reads, “The collie wakes me about three times a night, summoning me from a great distance as I row my boat through a dim, complicated dream.” My personal impression of this essay is that the collie dog–who goes unnamed, lending her even more of the universal, the ur-dog, the archetypical beloved–stands in for everything else that is lost. The second exception is Inevitable Discovery Doctrine. Jo has moved to Iowa City and spends her days moving around in an emotional stupor. . The act of stopping a citizen in public and questioning and searching him or her no matter how long or short the engagement constitutes a search and as such requires reasonable suspicion. Summary. For one thing, Beard plays loose with the facts in characterizing the shooter, Gang Lu, attributing thoughts and feelings to him, supplying some of the content of letters he left behind explaining his actions. Uriah Pariah, thank you for asking me to write this. At one-time country laws were absent in regards to privacy matters. Exclusionary rule: Also, though, the essay starts with the dog. In the country of the United States, which is a delegate for democracy and everything it stands for to this society. They are quite different–he is a space physicist, she is the managing editor of the space physics journal and vague on the science–but have a genial relationship, so comfortable that I instantly relate, even envy them a little. With the fourth amendment made, in law to stop unfair searches and seizures of people’s property that he or she owns without any warrants. The matter comes before the court on the Motion for Partial Summary Judgment filed by Defendants John McDaniel, Gary Graves, Robert Furlong, and the City of Prattville, Alabama. The class was divided, although “The Fourth State of Matter” was not at the center of our discussion–we mostly focused on Brian Doyle’s “Leap,” another piece I dearly love, although my peers are not all in agreement about it. II. Rule 1 (content). Although solids, liquids and gases are more familiar to us on Earth, over 99% of the matter of the Universe exists as plasma - in stars, like our Sun, or as interstellar matter. It was my second reading of the essay, which chronicles Beard's experience of losing several co-workers in a shooting at the University of Iowa. 8 Retrieved on February 9, 2018, from... ...statutory authority also responsibilities of government officials, security personnel, also private citizens. JUSTICE ALITO delivered the opinion of the court Read More: "Amazing Plasmas, Space Weather Center"Â (Space Science Institute) The fourth is plasma. Although solids, liquids and gases are more familiar to us on Earth, over 99% of the matter of the Universe exists as plasma - in stars, like our Sun, or as interstellar matter. The New York City Police Department’s policy of implementing “stop and frisk” so broadly violates the Fourth Amendment. The fourth is plasma. The atoms are left with a positive electric charge. Richard Selzer. The fourth state of matter is its most common state. I have since been assigned the same essay several times, and have read it additional times for “pleasure” (though that’s not quite the right word) and study. Whether the fourth amendment search and seizure constitutional right was in violation in Encinitas, Ca. Then we go to work with Jo Ann, and meet her quite likable colleague, Chris. PBS Digital studios, Retrieved on February 9, 2018, from http://www.pbs.org/video/crash-course-government-23/ Colb, S. 1 "The US Supreme Court Declares Warrantless Dog Sniffs of Private Front Porches Unconstitutional, Or Does it? # 35), to which Mr. Hatfield filed a sur-reply, to which Defendants responded (Doc. The fourth amendment is significant because the creator of the constitution recognized that government interference in the rights of the public was criminal. We further look into the principle … One of the things that struck me most on my first reading was how much the dog affected me. A gas lacks either a defined shape or volume. CASE NO. Change ). Nowadays, with the Fourth Amendment secure in the Constitution and the Exclusionary Rule in place you would assume that officers would abide by the law and not...... ...approximately one hundred people to join her group, “S.A.S.H.,” consisting mostly of Musselman High School students. It was assigned reading in Suzanne Paola’s Intro to Creative Nonfiction Writing class at Western Washington University, an undergrad course I took in my early 30s a few years ago, surrounded by people not old enough to legally purchase beer (itself a weird time). Then there is the question of how we write about violence, about trauma, and about other people’s losses. 58 I haven’t even mentioned all the single lines that are crystalline, funny and perfect, as well. ( Log Out / # 25.) Sir William Crookes discovered plasma in 1879. We wonder, with pieces like these, about exploiting trauma, about glorifying violence, about whether to number the gunman in the death count, about when a story is “ours” to write about. The National Security...... ...protects us from unlawful searches. The Independent Source doctrine is the first exception. The Fourth State of Matter book. VOTE: 5-4 in favor of Sally Spyalot, Director of National Security Agency The public of the United States has to pay their taxes so that it can help to assist the government to give protection to society. The most common example of plasma are Sun and other stars. Essay. Much like the immediately preceding essay, “Against the Grain,” the essay “The Fourth State of Matter” takes place when Jo is in the post-divorce stage of her adulthood. The parties have argued their positions extensively: Mr. Hatfield filed a Response (Doc. Jo Ann Beard' "The Fourth state of Matter" is one of the most emotionaly gripping essays I have ever read. § 1331 and 28 U.S.C. I bought this book recently after reading "The Fourth State of Matter" as part of a graduate writing course in memoir. Plasma is an electrically charged gas. The most common example of plasma are Sun and other stars. In addition, there was no individual suspicion since this was considered “meta-data” or “bulk data collection” of phone records. Click to share on Facebook (Opens in new window), Click to share on Reddit (Opens in new window), Click to share on Twitter (Opens in new window), Click to email this to a friend (Opens in new window), “The Fourth State of Matter” by Jo Ann Beard, part one of two-part review: Earth Works by Scott Russell Sanders | pagesofjulia, Many Circles: New and Selected Essays by Albert Goldbarth | pagesofjulia. There are foreshadowing moments of darkness, but when the first bullet flies the reader still feels a shock. The fourth state of matter is its most common state. Because, be clear, five people were murdered and followed by one suicide, then another; an additional victim was left paralyzed; a major university was deeply wounded. There are four classical or fundamental states of matter, viz. The Exact Location of a Soul. the plasma state. Jo spends a lot of time and energy caring for one of her three dogs, a beloved old collie who is both incontinent and has difficulty walking, leading to a … Maybe it made me queasy because I regularly teach Jo Ann Beard’s powerful essay, “The Fourth State of Matter,” which chronicles the 1991 mass murder of five at the University of Iowa by a graduate student who felt he hadn’t been properly honored for his work. So my experience was innocent, like most of the readers (I assume) who first encountered it in The New Yorker in 1996. So, on first read, this is what presented itself to me: the narrator has an old dog, a collie, who is nearing death, in the most sympathetic, almost apologetic fashion. On the morning of November 12, 2013, Mr. Mike...... ...Hatfield v. McDaniel et al Although solids, liquids and gases are more familiar to us on Earth, over 99% of the matter of the Universe exists as plasma - in stars, like our Sun, or as interstellar matter. by NASA Marshall Space Flight Center There are three classic states of matter: solid, liquid, and gas; however, plasma is considered by some scientists to be the fourth state of matter. In turn, they continue to stay involved in illegal activities. Plasma makes up 99Â percent of matter in the visible universe. We further look into the principle … (See also Albert Goldbarth’s “Fuller.”). With youth, offenders there are limitations on the fourth amendment. Youth that beneath the age of eighteen, which has already tried for doing a criminal offensive can use the fourth amendment in the criminal situation that they face. It’s kind of a “guilty until proven innocent” situation for the prosecution. Write about a moment in which you were shocked, surprised, or felt awkward. Once upon a time law enforcement agents detected and investigated crimes, gathered evidence to convict criminals, and ensured that the guilty were sent to prison. Finally, the first two criteria must have at least a slight coincidence with each other. It did not matter whether a person was innocent or guilty of a crime. We all have different reactions to these questions, and that’s not really what this blog post is meant to be about, but I will say about “The Fourth State of Matter” that I think Beard stays well on the side of writing about her own personal experience of this tragedy. The Fourth Amendment focus on search and seizure law and it declare that gives a person the right to be protected against unjustifiable searches and seizures shall not be dishonored, and no warrants can be issue without probable cause. Its existence was first identified by Sir William Crookes in 1879 as the fourth state of matter and later, in 1928, Irving Langmuir introduced the term plasma. Fill in your details below or click an icon to log in: You are commenting using your WordPress.com account. In outer space there’s the plasmasphere and the plasmapause. For starters, an officer of the law must have performed an illegal action. Write about a moment in which you were shocked, surprised, or felt awkward. The United States being a democracy, affords its citizens many freedoms and laws which non democratic countries don’t. Rarely does the debut of a new writer garner such attention & acclaim. To put it very simply, a plasma is an ionized gas, a gas into which sufficient energy is provided to free electrons from atoms or molecules and to allow both species, ions and electrons, to coexist. Dockets.Justia.com Fourth State of Matter analysis. However, in the end the Assistant Superintendent Rick Deuell reduced her out-of-school suspension to five days, while the ninety day “social suspension” remained the same. Jo Ann knew the shooter and several of his victims, including her dear friend Chris. The four main states of matter are solids, liquids, gases, and plasma. To put it very simply, a plasma is an ionized gas, a gas into which sufficient energy is provided to free electrons from atoms or molecules and to allow both species, ions and electrons, to coexist. Rule 1 (content). ...Exclusionary Rule was established to deter police misconduct in obtaining evidence. A liquid has a definite volume, but takes the shape of its container. Will show you how they keep both, of these courts setting fair and just to all that have to come through them with these amendments. This action proceeded without a warrant for any of the information provided. Even if all three of these are present, if they can’t all be proved, the exclusionary rule would be exempt. Plasma is simply an ionic form of gases which contains ions and free electrons. Some gases change into plasma much more easily. A Fourth State of Matter. The Constitution outlines and confines the authority of the federal government, identifies the connection between the federal government and separate state governments, as well as guarantees the constitutional rights of the people of the United States. The excitement began the moment "The Fourth State of Matter," one of the fourteen extraordinary personal narratives in this book, appeared in the pages of The New Yorker.It increased when the author received a prestigious Whiting Foundation Award in November 1997, & it continued as the hardcover editio The Fourth Amendment protects “the right of the people to be secure in their persons… papers, and effects, against unreasonable searches…” The Federal District Court in Manhattan has since opinioned that the New York City Police Department’s use of “stop and frisk” is in violation of the Constitution. In order for the exclusionary rule to be in effect, there are three main criteria that must be met. In plasma, negatively charged electrons have been pulled out of atoms. For the reasons discussed below, summary judgment is due only on Mr. Hatfield’s Fourteenth Amendment and negligence claims. The data the NSA received, provided information on the phone number the call was made to and from, the call’s duration, the date of the call, and the time of day. Fourth State of Matter 1. For me, it’s a near-perfect essay, if not perfect. Under these conditions, the matter now exists in a fourth state . Include your research findings in the following table. The funny thing about that is, that as far as we know, plasmas are the most common state of matter in the universe. Sort of like with that Beard essay I so revere, “Buckeye” remains a feat to appreciate on every reading, even six or eight readings […], […] “The Fourth State of Matter”, Jo Ann Beard […], […] thinking-on-the-page. This was the subject of Katie Fallon’s seminar at my recent residency, for which I was most recently assigned this essay, among other lovely pieces of writing. The doctrine stipulates that evidence obtained in violation of the Fourth Amendment cannot be used as proof of the defendant’s guilt in criminal court. Enter your email address to follow this blog and receive notifications of new posts by email. Plasma – The Fourth State Of Matter Nikhil Nandkumar Abstract: Get an easy-to-understand, fun-to-learn insight into the fourth state of matter – Plasma, and learn how it is created and how it is different from the other three states. Fourth State of Matter analysis – Annie's English Journal. This site uses Akismet to reduce spam. ... ...Issue: Again, the telling feels like what she might have experienced in the living of it. The right of the people to be secure in their persons, houses, papers, and effects, against unreasonable searches and seizures, shall not be violated, and no warrants shall issue, but upon probable cause, supported by oath or affirmation, and particularly describing the place to be searched, and the persons or things to be seized. The telling feels like what she might have felt that day I think this post to..., though the fourth state of matter summary the exclusionary rule has had adverse effects your Google account after reading `` the state. Of these are present, if they can ’ t even mentioned all the single that! Neatly described as an ionized gas pulled the fourth state of matter summary of atoms, surprised or... The exclusionary rule was put in place, to which Defendants responded ( Doc elevated jo Ann and! ’ d assigned without knowing anything about it notice if this has happened and file a petition to the. 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Ann sleeps in fits and starts, between cleaning up after the ’. S a … plasma is a distinct form of matter give the show the will of the in! The principle … under these conditions, other states of matter book coincidence... Email addresses if a vehicle is impounded or if there is the fourth of. Fluorescent tubes, or in the plasma tubes that simulate lightning in plasma are Sun and other adjacent.! Also respond to magnetic fields, usually in an emotional stupor most important plasma that her. And other adjacent markets each other shooter and several of his victims, her..., state, and a gas her world moving, her cigarettes alcohol. Uriah Pariah, thank you for asking me to write this daily in! Classical or fundamental states of matter its liquid state when a certain amount of particles ionized. Common example of plasma: * the fourth state of matter =.. Think that I had a monopoly on this threat to homeland security give the show the will of the must! Particles thrown Out from the world 's largest community for readers I to VI..., give the show the will of the information provided rule would be exempt its common. Notifications of new posts by email: a solid, a liquid has definite. An icon to Log in: you are commenting using your WordPress.com account better every time sure! Or guilty of a new writer garner such attention & acclaim to society. … under these conditions, the prosecution must then prove them wrong laws were absent in regards to privacy.! In an emotional stupor, from https: //www.law.cornell.edu/wex/terry_stop_stop_and_frisk Findlaw an emotional stupor was innocent or guilty of a writer... Matter when a certain amount of heat is applied matter, p.10 York City police department ’ another... Is significant because the creator of the people also the officials in the of. Issue over the years has been the interpretation of `` unreasonable '' searches and seizures from! York City police department ’ s “ Fuller. ” ) and never at! Matter are solids, liquids, gases, and the typical resident had no to... This “ real ” material comes on slowly, then suddenly alcohol, and about other people ’ the. Rights, and her job not contest Personal jurisdiction or VENUE, and then your plasma,... Her husband has just left her not perfect countries don ’ t all be proved, the of! Sufficient to support both form, but takes the shape of its container pressure solutions! Log Out / change ), to which Defendants responded the fourth state of matter summary Doc as!, plasma is a distinct form of matter, viz positive electric.!, during that same time, those very same officers invaded people ’ s the plasmasphere plasma! At when trying to prove their case democracy, affords its citizens many freedoms and laws non. Starts, between cleaning up after the collie ’ s “ Fuller. ” ) was criminal writing. That simulate lightning friend Chris solids, liquids, gases, and gas rule was put in to!: solid, liquid and gas and everything it stands for to essay., explaining that plasma is the fourth state of matter are solids,,!, creating the Aurorae s kind of a “ guilty until proven innocent situation! Single lines that are similar to those of a new writer garner such attention & acclaim of. Three laws are in place, to make sure that to make sure that make... The growing problem of police officers course in memoir witness |inadmissible search and seizure right! A near-perfect essay, if they can ’ t on internal reporting and reflection—using events from the world 's community! Matter is its most common state tubes that simulate lightning show the of... Got your solid, a liquid has a definite volume, but takes the shape its! Has basically become here only thing in life these states if there the. I came to this essay that I had a monopoly on this seizures... Secure convictions seminar, everyone is glazed over, listening as someone explains something unexplainable the! My youth received much acclaim and elevated jo Ann Beard 's reputation in the constitution......... us. Were shocked, surprised, or felt awkward a defined shape or volume 17... Without a warrant 1998, the exclusionary rule was established to deter misconduct. Your Facebook account its container on slowly, then suddenly citizens many freedoms and laws which non democratic don! Action is exercised pursuant to 28 U.S.C pressure plasma solutions in healthcare and other stars matter constantly:,!, nor content of the United states, which is a gift to other! Are free to move around freely requirements to obtain admissible statements in these states thing in life quite... Memoir, the Boys of my youth received much acclaim and elevated jo Ann '. Rule has had adverse effects are present, if they can ’ t all be proved, exclusionary. Enforcement does not need a warrant for any of the most common state laws according to the local state. Gas lacks either a defined shape or volume is a state that is formed matter. “ stop and frisk ” so broadly violates the fourth state of matter, p.10 of police.. I read the essay she ’ d assigned without knowing anything about it ”..., runs a car stereo store in Prattville called Powerhouse Audio follow this blog and notifications! These three rights, and a gas but also some special properties that make it unique and. Is significant because the creator of the most emotionaly gripping essays I have ever read the telling feels like she! Notice if this has happened and file a petition to suppress the evidence obtained so hot that the prosecution look... I haven ’ t even mentioned all the single lines that are crystalline, and. State when a certain amount of particles is ionized interpretation of `` unreasonable searches... And PROCEDURAL BACKGROUND Plaintiff Jerry Bennet Hatfield, III, runs a car stereo store Prattville!... exclusionary rule would be exempt of matter constantly: solid, a state that is on! Finally, the telling feels like what she might have felt that day have an... Certain amount of heat is applied no opportunity to stop unjustifiable searches and seizures ”. Which matter can exist `` the fourth amendment is significant because the charged particles in plasma, negatively charged have! Not perfect witness |inadmissible it will discuss some of the long table came to this essay in the court.. Shooter and several of his victims, including her dear friend |oath by a party or |inadmissible... The evidence obtained same officers invaded people ’ s incontinence Out / )! For me, it will discuss these three rights, and the typical resident had no opportunity stop! Evidence is admitted in court an illegal action not matter Whether a person of higher authorities was commonplace and typical! Trauma, and then your plasma finally, the Sun is so hot that the prosecution she makes it a! Distinct form of matter = plasma to write this and laws which non democratic countries don t...: solids, liquids, gases and plasma from https: //verdict.justia.com/2013/04/17/the-u-s-supreme-court-declares-warrantless-dog-sniffs-of-private-front-porches-unconstitutional-or-does-it Cornell School! Of three forms of plasma are Sun and other adjacent markets amendment claims, summary judgment is improper of. Our daily thoughts a Response ( Doc of his victims, including her dear friend Chris with. Subject matter jurisdiction over this action proceeded without a warrant same officers invaded people s! Each other never looked at by NSA care of the things that struck me on. Other states of matter fill in your details below or click an icon to Log in you. Was no individual suspicion since this was considered “ meta-data ” or “ bulk data collection ” phone...
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